Ruofan Liu (刘若凡)

Research Fellow in Computer Science, National University of Singapore

Curriculum Vitae · Google Scholar · GitHub

I completed my Ph.D. at the National University of Singapore (NUS) under the supervision of Prof. Jin Song Dong. My research lies at the intersection of artificial intelligence and web security, with a particular focus on building trustworthy, vision-based systems for phishing detection, GUI testing, LLM security, and reliable machine learning.

My work has appeared at top-tier security, software engineering, and machine learning venues, including USENIX Security, ISSTA, ICLR, and NeurIPS. I am the lead author of several widely used open-source phishing detection systems, including Phishpedia and PhishLLM.

📚 Education

2024.10 – Present. Research Fellow in Computer Science, National University of Singapore (NUS). Research interest: AI for Web Security and LLM Security.
2021.01 – 2024.10. Ph.D. in Computer Science, National University of Singapore (NUS). Supervisor: Prof. Jin Song Dong.
2016.08 – 2020.06. B.S. in Statistics, National University of Singapore (NUS). FYP Supervisor: Prof. Alexandre Thiéry.

🔥 News

2026 — Our paper "DRIP: Defending Prompt Injection via Token-wise Representation Editing and Residual Fusion" is accepted at ACM CCS 2026!
2026 — Our paper "XSearch: Explainable Code Search via Concept-to-Code Alignment" is accepted at ISSTA 2026!

📝 Selected Publications

ACM CCS 2026 Ruofan Liu, Yun Lin, Zhiyong Huang, and Jin Song Dong. DRIP: Defending Prompt Injection via Token-wise Representation Editing and Residual Fusion
Paper Code
ISSTA 2025 Ruofan Liu, Xiwen Teoh, Yun Lin, Guanjie Chen, Ruofei Ren, Denys Poshyvanyk, and Jin Song Dong. GUIPilot: A Consistency-based Mobile GUI Testing Approach for Detecting Application-specific Bugs
Paper Code Video
USENIX Security 2024 Ruofan Liu, Yun Lin, Xiwen Teoh, Gongshen Liu, Zhiyong Huang, and Jin Song Dong. Less Defined Knowledge and More True Alarms: Reference-based Phishing Detection without a Pre-defined Reference List
Paper Code Video
USENIX Security 2024 Xiwen Teoh, Yun Lin, Ruofan Liu, Zhiyong Huang and Jin Song Dong. PhishDecloaker: Detecting CAPTCHA-cloaked Phishing Websites via Hybrid Vision-based Interactive Models
Paper Code Video
USENIX Security 2023 Ruofan Liu, Yun Lin, Yifan Zhang, Penn Han Lee, and Jin Song Dong. Knowledge Expansion and Counterfactual Interaction for Reference-Based Phishing Detection
Paper Code Video
USENIX Security 2022 Ruofan Liu, Yun Lin, Xianglin Yang, Siang Hwee Ng, Dinil Mon Divakaran, Jin Song Dong. Inferring Phishing Intention via Webpage Appearance and Dynamics: A Deep Vision Based Approach
Paper Code Video
USENIX Security 2021 Yun Lin#, Ruofan Liu#, Dinil Mon Divakaran, Jun Yang Ng, Qing Zhou Chan, Yiwen Lu, Yuxuan Si, Fan Zhang, Jin Song Dong. Phishpedia: A Hybrid Deep Learning Based Approach to Visually Identify Phishing Webpages
Paper Code Video

See the full list of publications.

⚒️ Tools and Systems

Phishpedia: the first reference-based phishing website detector.
PhishIntention: a reference-based phishing detector modelling both brand intention and credential-taking intention.
DynaPhish: a complementary module for reference-based phishing detectors with brand knowledge expansion and counterfactual interaction.
PhishLLM: an LLM-empowered phishing detector.
Influence4Metric: an influence-function-based explanation and debugging tool for deep metric learning tasks.

🏆 Awards

2025. CAICT (China Academy of Information and Communications Technology) — Outstanding Case, 1st "Intelligent Software Testing Pioneer" Program
中国信息通信研究院"首届智能化软件测试领航者典型案例"
2025. CCF ChinaSoft 2025 Prototype System Competition — First Place (Rank 1/22)
2025. China International College Students' Innovation Competition 2025 (Higher-Education Main Track) — National Silver Medal (top 0.01% of 6.19M projects)
中国国际大学生创新大赛2025（互联网+）高教主赛道全国银奖（全国前0.01%，共619万参赛项目）
2025. China International College Students' Innovation Competition 2025 (SEA) First Place
中国国际大学生创新大赛2025（互联网+）国际项目东南亚赛区第一名
2024. China International College Students' Innovation Competition 2024 Bronze Medal
中国国际大学生创新大赛2024（互联网+）国际项目全国铜奖（全国前0.04%）
2024. China International College Students' Innovation Competition 2024 (Shanghai) Silver Medal
中国国际大学生创新大赛2024（互联网+）国际项目（上海赛区）专项赛银奖
2024. National University of Singapore Dean's Graduate Research Excellence Award
2021. National University of Singapore Research Achievement Award in 2021/2022 Sem 1
2020. Top 1 student in NUS Statistics Batch 2020
2020. Lijen Industrial Development Medal (Best Academic Exercise/Projects in the Discipline) in Academic Year 2019
2020. NTUC Medal in Academic Year 2019
2020. Saw Swee Hock Gold Medal in the Academic Year 2019
2020. SNAS Award 2020 (Singapore National Academy of Science)

🏷 Patents

2025. Yun Lin, Guanjie Chen, Ruofei Ren, Ruofan Liu, Xiwen Teoh, Yuting Chen, Feng Yu, We Huang, Jinming Li, Liuhua Gong, Lili Gu. GUI Software Testing System and Method Based on Requirement Design Drafts. CN202510267792.7
2020. Yun Lin, Ruofan Liu, Dinil Mon Divakaran, Jun Yang Ng, and Jin Song Dong. Phishpedia: Towards an Approach of Phishing Identification with Visual Explanation. Provisional patent filed in Singapore (Trustwave, Singtel). NO. 10202011155P

💪 Service

2026. Program Committee — FSE 2026, NDSS MADWeb 2026, and CIKM 2026.
2025. Senior Program Committee — CIKM 2025.
2023. Program Committee — 28th IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC 2023).
Reviewer — AAAI, NeurIPS, ICLR, CVPR, and IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics & Security (TIFS).

📞 Contact

Email: liu.ruofan16[at]u[dot]nus[dot]edu
CV: Ruofan_Liu_CV.pdf
GitHub: github.com/lindsey98
Google Scholar: scholar.google.com